What term describes the approach where each research stage is worked on recursively to ensure validity?

The term that describes an approach where each research stage is worked on recursively to ensure validity is known as total design. This methodology emphasizes a holistic view of the research process, allowing for iterative revisiting of various stages to enhance the reliability and validity of the findings. By continually refining each aspect of the research—from conception, design, data collection, to analysis—researchers can identify potential issues early on and make necessary adjustments. This iterative process ensures that the research remains aligned with its objectives and can adapt to any emerging insights or challenges that surface during each phase.

In contrast, the other terms relate to specific methodologies or frameworks that do not inherently embody the recursive nature described. For instance, framework analysis focuses on situating data within a specific framework for thematic understanding but does not mandate iterative revisiting of stages. Sequential design refers to a linear approach where steps are taken one after the other without the systematic looping back characteristic of total design. Nested sampling typically applies to statistical methods in model selection and is not directly concerned with the iterative process of research stages. Thus, total design best reflects the recursive approach to ensuring validity across the research process.